Unless otherwise indicated and excluding third-party content, the Faculty of Law of UWC owns the intellectual property rights for all material on this website. All intellectual property rights are reserved. You may view, download and/or print pages from https://law.uwc.ac.za for your own personal use.

As regards the online channel for the Faculty journal Law, Democracy and Development (LDD), all articles are published under a Creative Commons Attribution Licence CC-BY 4.0. Copyright is retained by the authors.

LDD is an open-access journal. This means that copyright in all published material remains vested in the author thereof, but the author grants permission for the material to be made available freely on LDD’s website. The material may be quoted, downloaded and/or copied, subject to the following conditions:

• the name(s), title(s) and institutional affiliation(s) of author(s), as well as a bibliographical reference to its original publication in LDD (author, title of article and volume of LDD) must be included by those who use it; and
• the copyright of the author(s) – for example, the right to republish or amend the material – remains intact, and articles that are reproduced may not be changed in any way.

Please therefore make full use of the articles contained in LDD for all academic, research or practical purposes – but please remember to cite the source so that others can also find it.